如何才算掌握Java

作者:duketian 日期:2007-10-09 16:59:59

字体大小: 小中大

时常看到一些人说掌握了Java，但是让他们用Java做一个实际的项目可能又困难重重，在这里，笔者根据自己的一点理解斗胆提出自己的一些对掌握Java这个说法的标准，当然对于新手，也可以提供一个需要学习哪些内容的参考。另外这个标准仅限于J2SE部分，J2EE部分的内容有时间再另说。

　　1、语法：必须比较熟悉，在写代码的时候IDE的编辑器对某一行报错应该能够根据报错信息知道是什么样的语法错误并且知道任何修正。

　　2、命令：必须熟悉JDK带的一些常用命令及其常用选项，命令至少需要熟悉：appletviewer、HtmlConverter、jar、java、javac、javadoc、javap、javaw、native2ascii、serialver，如果这些命令你没有全部使用过，那么你对java实际上还很不了解。

　　3、工具：必须至少熟练使用一种IDE的开发工具，例如Eclipse、Netbeans、JBuilder、Jdeveloper、IDEA、JCreator或者Workshop，包括进行工程管理、常用选项的设置、插件的安装配置以及进行调试。

　　4、API：Java的核心API是非常庞大的，但是有一些内容笔者认为是必须熟悉的，否则不可能熟练的运用Java，包括：

1）、java.lang包下的80％以上的类的功能的灵活运用。
2）、java.util包下的80％以上的类的灵活运用，特别是集合类体系、规则表达式、zip、以及时间、随机数、属性、资源和Timer。
3）、java.io包下的60％以上的类的使用，理解IO体系的基于管道模型的设计思路以及常用IO类的特性和使用场合。
4）、java.math包下的100％的内容。
5）、java.net包下的60％以上的内容，对各个类的功能比较熟悉。
6）、java.text包下的60％以上的内容，特别是各种格式化类。
7）、熟练运用JDBC。
8）、java.security包下40％以上的内容，如果对于安全没有接触的话根本就不可能掌握java。
9）、AWT的基本内容，包括各种组件事件、监听器、布局管理器、常用组件、打印。
10）、Swing的基本内容，和AWT的要求类似。
11）、XML处理，熟悉SAX、DOM以及JDOM的优缺点并且能够使用其中的一种完成XML的解析及内容处理。

　　5、测试：必须熟悉使用junit编写测试用例完成代码的自动测试。

　　6、管理：必须熟悉使用ant完成工程管理的常用任务，例如工程编译、生成javadoc、生成jar、版本控制、自动测试( 1T6-530 ) 。

　　7、排错：应该可以根据异常信息比较快速的定位问题的原因和大致位置。

　　8、思想：必须掌握OOP的主要要求，这样使用Java开发的系统才能是真正的Java系统。

　　9、规范：编写的代码必须符合流行的编码规范，例如类名首字母大写，成员和方法名首字母小写，方法名的第一个单词一般是动词，包名全部小写等，这样程序的可读性才比较好

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